| Glossary |
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10Base2.
(RFC 1983) A physical layer communications specification for 10Mbps, baseband data
transmission over a coaxial cable (Thinnet) with a maximum cable segment length of 200 meters.
10Base5.
(RFC 1983) A physical layer communications specification for 10Mbps, baseband data
transmission over a coaxial cable (Thicknet) with a maximum cable segment length of 500 meters.
10BaseF.
(RFC 1983) A physical layer communications specification for 10Mbps, baseband data
transmission over a fiber-optic cable.
10BaseT.
(RFC 1983) A physical layer communications specification for 10Mbps, baseband data
transmission over a twisted-pair copper wire.
16ng, IP over IEEE 802.16 Networks.
IETF working group, Internet area.
2000, The Internet and the Millennium Problem.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2000.
3GPP, Third Generation Partnership Project.
Organization.
3GPP2, Third Generation Partnership Project 2.
Organization.
6bone, IPv6 Backbone.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
6Bone.
An environment supporting experimentation with the IPv6 protocols and products implementing it.
6lowpan, IPv6 over Low power WPAN.
IETF working group, Internet area.
6man, IPv6 Maintenance.
IETF working group, Internet area.
802.1Q.
IEEE specification. VLAN, Virtual LAN.
822ext, Internet Message Extensions.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 1993.
aaa, Authentication, Authorization and Accounting.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
Concluded January 2007.
AAAArch, Authentication Authorisation Accounting Architecture Research Group.
IRTF research group.
Concluded October 2004.
aac, Authorization and Access Control.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 1995.
acap, Application Configuration Access Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2004.
acct, Internet Accounting.
IETF working group.
Concluded April 1993.
acct2, Internet Accounting 2.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
ACSE, Association Control Service Element.
AD, Administrative Domain.
(RFC 1983) A collection of hosts and routers, and the interconnecting network(s), managed by a single administrative authority.
addrconf, Address Autoconfiguration.
IETF working group.
Concluded April 1996.
ADSL, Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.
A DSL variant that offers differing upload and download speeds and can be configured to deliver up to 6 megabits of data per second.
adslmib, ADSL MIB.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
aft, Authenticated Firewall Traversal.
IETF working group.
Concluded October 2002.
agentx, SNMP Agent Extensibility.
IETF working group.
Concluded June 2002.
ALC, Asynchronous Layered Coding.
ale, Address Lifetime Expectations.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded March 1995.
alertman, Alert Management.
IETF working group.
Concluded December 1990.
ancp, Access Node Control Protocol.
IETF working group, Internet area.
ANSI, American National Standards Institute.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) Responsible for approving U.S. standards in many areas, including computers and communications.
Standards approved by this organization are often called ANSI standards (e.g., ANSI C is the version of the C language approved by ANSI).
ANSI is a member of ISO.
anycast.
apex, Application Exchange.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2003.
appleip, IP Over AppleTalk.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 1996.
Application Layer.
Layer seven of the OSI model.
This layer is responsible for managing communications between user applications.
applmib, Application MIB.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded July 1999.
APPN, Advanced Peer-to-Peer Network.
(RFC 2155) The aspect of Systems Network Architecture (SNA) that supports peer-to-peer networking.
Archie.
(RFC 2151) Developed in 1992 at the Computer Science Department at McGill
University in Montreal, allows users to find software, data, and other information files
that reside at anonymous FTP archive sites; the name of the program, reportedly, is
derived from the word "archive" and not from the comic book character.
Archie tracks the contents of several thousand anonymous FTP sites containing millions of files.
The archie server automatically updates the information from each registered site about
once a month, providing relatively up-to-date information without unduly stressing the network.
Archie, however, is not as popular as it once was and many sites have not updated
their information; as the examples below show, many of the catalog listings are several years old.
ARCNET.
ARPA, Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) An agency of the U.S. Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military.
ARPA (formerly known as DARPA) was responsible for funding much of the development of the Internet we know today, including
the Berkeley version of Unix and TCP/IP.
ARPANET, Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
(RFC 1983) A pioneering longhaul network funded by ARPA.
Now retired, it served as the basis for early networking research as well as a central backbone during the development of the Internet.
The ARPANET consisted of individual packet switching computers interconnected by leased lines.
arts, The Arts: Sharing Center Stage on the Internet.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
AS, Autonomous System.
(RFC 1812) A connected segment of a network topology that consists of a
collection of subnetworks (with hosts attached) interconnected by a set of routes.
The subnetworks and the routers are expected to be under the control of a single operations and maintenance (O&M) organization.
Within an AS, routers may use one or more interior routing protocols, and sometimes several sets of metrics.
An AS is expected to present to other ASs an appearence of a coherent interior routing plan, and a consistent picture of
the destinations reachable through the AS.
An AS is identified by an Autonomous System number.
ASCII, American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
(RFC 1983) A standard character-to-number encoding widely used in the computer industry.
asid, Access, Searching and Indexing of Directories.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded February 1999.
ASON, Automatic Switched Optical Network.
An architecture specified by ITU-T Study Group 15 for the introduction of a control plane for optical networks.
This architecture specifies a set of reference points that defines the relationship between the ASON architectural entities.
ASRG, Anti-Spam Research Group.
IRTF research group.
atommib, AToM MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded October 2004.
atompub, Atom Publishing Format and Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 2007.
autoconf, Ad-Hoc Network Autoconfiguration.
IETF working group, Internet area.
avt, Audio/Video Transport.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Bandwidth.
Data transmission speed measured in bits per second (bps) or the data capacity that can be delivered over a physical medium.
Baseband.
(RFC 1983) A transmission medium through which digital signals are sent without complicated frequency shifting.
In general, only one communication channel is available at any given time.
Ethernet is an example of a baseband network.
Baud.
The quantity of signals that are transmitted in bits per second (bps).
BCP, Best Current Practices RFCs.
(RFC 1983) A subseries of RFCs which are written to describe Best Current Practices in the Internet.
Rather than specifying a protocol, these documents specify the best ways to use the protocols and the best ways to configure options to ensure
interoperability between various vendors' products.
BCPs carry the endorsement of the IESG.
beep, Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded March 2002.
behave, Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Bellman-Ford.
Algorithm.
A distance vector algorithm.
BER, Basic Encoding Rules.
(RFC 1983) Standard rules for encoding data units described in ASN.1.
Sometimes incorrectly lumped under the term ASN.1, which properly refers only to the abstract syntax description language, not the encoding technique.
BER, Bit Error Rate.
bfd, Bidirectional Forwarding Detection.
IETF working group, Routing area.
bgmp, Border Gateway Multicast Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded.
bgp, Border Gateway Protocol.
IETF working group, Operational Requirements area.
Concluded August 1994.
bgpdepl, BGP Deployment and Application.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 1994.
Bitnet.
(RFC 1983) An academic computer network that provides interactive electronic mail and
file transfer services, using a store-and-forward protocol, based on IBM Network Job Entry protocols.
Bitnet-II encapsulates the Bitnet protocol within IP packets and depends on the Internet to route them.
bliss, Basic Level of Interoperability for SIP Services.
IETF working group, Real-time Applications and Infrastructure area.
Bluetooth.
A standard for low cost, low power local radio links.
bmwg, Benchmarking Methodology.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
BNF, Backus-Naur Form.
bridge, Bridge MIB.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
Concluded February 2006.
Bridge.
(RFC 1983) A device which forwards traffic between network segments based on datalink layer information.
These segments would have a common network layer address.
Broadband.
(RFC 1983) A transmission medium capable of supporting a wide range of frequencies.
It can carry multiple signals by dividing the total capacity of the medium into multiple,
independent bandwidth channels, where each channel operates only on a specific range of frequencies.
Broadcast.
(RFC 1983) A special type of multicast packet which all nodes on the network are always willing to receive.
Broadcast storm.
(RFC 1983) An incorrect packet broadcast onto a network that causes multiple hosts to
respond all at once, typically with equally incorrect packets which causes the storm to grow exponentially in severity.
Brouter.
(RFC 1983) A device which bridges some packets (i.e. forwards based on datalink layer
information) and routes other packets (i.e. forwards based on network layer information).
The bridge/route decision is based on configuration information.
btns, Better-Than-Nothing Security.
IETF working group, Security area.
Byte.
An 8 bit quantity.
Also known as an octet.
Byte order.
The order in which bit strings are transmitted.
calsch, Calendaring and Scheduling.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded September 2004.
calsify, Calendaring and Scheduling Standards Simplification.
IETF working group, Applications area.
CAN, Campus Area Network.
capwap, Control And Provisioning of Wireless Access Points.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
cat, Common Authentication Technology.
IETF working group.
Concluded July 2002.
The goal of the Common Authentication Technology (CAT) Working Group is to
provide distributed security services (which have included authentication,
integrity, and confidentiality, and may broaden to include authorization) to a
variety of protocol callers in a manner which insulates those callers from the specifics of underlying security mechanisms.
catenet.
catnip, Common Architecture for Next Generation IP.
IETF working group.
Concluded May 1995.
CATNIP, Common Architecture for Next Generation Internet Protocol.
ccamp, Common Control and Measurement Plane.
IETF working group, Routing area.
This working group coordinates the work within the IETF for defining a common
control plane and a separate common measurement plane for ISP and SP core tunneling technologies.
CCIRN, Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networks.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A committee that includes the United States FNC and its counterparts in North America and Europe.
Co-chaired by the executive directors of the FNC and the European
Association of Research Networks (RARE), the CCIRN provides a forum for cooperative
planning among the principal North American and European research networking bodies.
CCITT, Comite Consultatif International de Telegraphique et Telephonique.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) This organization is now part of the International Telecommunications Union
and is responsible for making technical recommendations about telephone and data communications systems.
Every four years CCITT holds plenary sessions where they adopt new standards; the most recent was in 1992.
Recently, the ITU reorganized and CCITT was renamed the ITU-TSS.
cdi, Content Distribution Internetworking.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded June 2003.
CDI, Content Internetworking.
CERT,
Computer Emergency Response Team.
Organization. (RFC 1983) CERT was formed by ARPA in November 1988 in response to the needs
exhibited during the Internet worm incident.
The CERT charter is to work with the Internet
community to facilitate its response to computer security events involving Internet hosts,
to take proactive steps to raise the community's awareness of computer security issues,
and to conduct research targeted at improving the security of existing systems.
CERT products and services include 24-hour technical assistance for responding to computer
security incidents, product vulnerability assistance, technical documents, and tutorials.
In addition, the team maintains a number of mailing lists (including one for CERT
Advisories), and provides an anonymous FTP server where security-related documents and tools are archived.
CFRG, Crypto Forum Research Group.
IRTF research group.
CGI, Common Gateway Interface.
A communications specification for server side resources such as a Web server that
provides real-time dynamic page feedback information to a web browser.
charmib, Character MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded July 1994.
chassis, Chassis MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded July 1993.
chronos, Distributed Scheduling Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded August 1992.
CIDR, Classless Inter-Domain Routing.
(RFC 2901) Historically, IP addresses were assigned within classes:
Class A (8 bits of network address, 24 bits of host address), Class B (16 bits
of network address, 16 bits of host address), or Class C (24 bits of network address, 8 bits of host address).
With the advent of CIDR, address space is now allocated and assigned on bit boundaries.
Using CIDR means you are able to
assign addresses corresponding with the number of hosts on the network, thereby conserving address space.
cidrd, CIDR Deployment.
IETF working group, Operational Requirements area.
Concluded December 1996.
cip, Connection IP.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 1992.
cipso, Commercial Internet Protocol Security Option.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 1995.
CMS, Cryptographic Message Syntax.
(RFC 3058) Derived from PKCS#7, the framework for the implementation of cryptographic functions in S/MIME.
It specifies data formats and encryption processes without naming the cryptographic algorithms.
Each algorithm which is used for encryption purposes is specified by a unique algorithm identifier.
[RFC 3369] Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS).
[RFC 3852] Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS).
[RFC 4490] Using the GOST 28147-89, GOST R 34.11-94, GOST R 34.10-94, and GOST R 34.10-2001 Algorithms with Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS).
CNI, Coalition for Networked Information.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A consortium formed by American Research Libraries, CAUSE, and EDUCOM to
promote the creation of, and access to, information resources in networked environments in
order to enrich scholarship and enhance intellectual productivity.
CNRI, Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
Organization.
cnrp,
Common Name Resolution Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 2002.
Codec.
A translator that converts audio or video to a compressed or uncompressed form.
congestion.
A network condition that occurs when the offered load exceeds the bandwidth capacity of a data communication path.
congestion collapse.
A network condition that occurs when an increase in the network load results in a decrease in the useful work done by the network.
conneg,
Content Negotiation.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 2000.
connection.
(RFC 1945) A transport layer virtual circuit established between two application programs for the purpose of communication.
CORBA, Common Object Request Broker Architecture.
CPP, Common Profile for Presence.
[RFC 3859] Common Profile for Presence (CPP).
CREN,
Corporation for Research and Educational Networking.
Organization.
Bitnet and CSNET were consolidated under one administration.
CSNET is no longer in operation.
crisp,
Cross Registry Information Service Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
cryptography.
csi, Cga & Send maIntenance.
IETF working group, Internet area.
CSIRT,Computer Security Incident Response Team.
(RFC 3013) A team that performs, coordinates, and supports the response to
security incidents that involve sites within a defined constituency.
CSMA/CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance.
The carrier sense for a cable plant monitors the traffic conditions on a line to make
sure that the way is clear to send packets to a destination.
If a collision does happen then both transmissions stop and resend at different times.
CSMA/CD, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection.
DARPA, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Organization.
The US government agency that founded the ARPANET.
dasl, DAV Searching and Locating.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2000.
DASS, Distributed Authentication Security Service.
Datagram.
A packet encapsulated within a frame which is transmitted in a packet-switching network from source to destination.
Data Link Layer.
Layer two of the OSI model.
Responsible for packing the data from the physical layer into frames.
This layer can detect and/or correct errors and manages the data flow between nodes.
dccp, Datagram Congestion Control Protocol.
IETF working group, Transport area.
DCE, Distributed Computing Environment.
(RFC 1983) An architecture of standard programming interfaces, conventions, and server
functionalities (e.g., naming, distributed file system, remote procedure call) for
distributing applications transparently across networks of heterogeneous computers.
Promoted and controlled by the Open Software Foundation (OSF), a consortium led by Digital, IBM and Hewlett Packard.
DDDS, Dynamic Delegation Discovery System.
Algorithm.
DDN, Defense Data Network.
(RFC 1983) A global communications network serving the US Department of Defense
composed of MILNET, other portions of the Internet, and classified networks which are not part of the Internet.
The DDN is used to connect military installations and is managed by the Defense Information Systems Agency.
DDN NIC, Defense Data Network Network Information Center.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) Previously called "The NIC", the DDN NIC's primary responsibility
was the assignment of Internet network addresses and Autonomous System numbers, the
administration of the root domain, and providing information and support services to the Internet for the DDN.
Since the creation of the InterNIC, the DDN NIC performs these functions only for the DDN.
DECnet Phase IV.
decnetiv, DECnet Phase IV MIB.
IETF working group. Concluded December 1993.
deltav, Web Versioning and Configuration Management.
IETF working group. Concluded March 2002.
Dense mode.
(RFC 1812) In multicast forwarding, two paradigms are possible: in Dense Mode
forwarding, a network multicast is forwarded as a data link layer multicast to
all interfaces except that on which it was received, unless and until the router
is instructed not to by a multicast routing neighbor.
dhc, Dynamic Host Configuration.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Differentiated Services.
Diffie-Hellman.
Public key exchange algorithm.
(RFC 2636) A public-key cryptography algorithm for exchanging secret keys.
The equation is executed by each party of the session based on the exchange of independently generated public values.
diffserv, Differentiated Services.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 2003.
dime, Diameter Maintanence and Extensions.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
DISA, Defense Information Systems Agency.
Organization.
Formerly called the Defense Communications Agency (DCA), this is the government agency
responsible for managing the DDN portion of the Internet, including the MILNET.
Currently, DISA administers the DDN, and supports the user assistance services of the DDN NIC.
disi, Directory Information Services Infrastructure.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 1993.
disman, Distributed Management.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
Concluded July 2006.
The Distributed Management Working Group is chartered to define an initial set
of managed objects for specific distributed network management applications
which can be consistently developed and deployed. A distributed network manager
is an applicaton that acts in a manager role to perform management functions and
in an agent role so that it can be remotely controlled and observed.
Distance vector.
Algorithm.
dkim, Domain Keys Identified Mail.
IETF working group, Security area.
dlswmib, Data Link Switching MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded April 2001.
The DLSw MIB Working Group is chartered to define a set of managed objects for devices that support Data Link Switching (DLSw) version 1.
DLSw is a method for encapsulating SNA (System Network Architecture) or NetBIOS
(Network Basic Input Output Services) traffic in TCP/IP.
DLSw is intended to aid in the transport of SNA and NetBIOS traffic across WANs.
The objects will be the minimum necessary to provide the ability to monitor and control DLSw devices,
supporting fault isolation, configuration and performance management.
The set of objects will be consistent with the SNMP framework and existing SNMP standards.
dna, Detecting Network Attachment.
IETF working group, Internet area.
DNAv4, Detecting Network Attachment in IPv4.
dns, Domain Name System.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 1994.
dnsext, DNS Extensions.
IETF working group, Internet area.
dnsind, DNS IXFR, Notification, and Dynamic Update.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2000.
dnsop, Domain Name Server Operations.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
dnssec, Domain Name System Security.
IETF working group.
Concluded December 1999.
DOCSIS, Data Over Cable Interface Specification.
(RFC 2670) A term referring to the ITU-T J.112 Annex B standard for cable modem systems.
Domain Name.
An address for a network connection in a readable format.
A domain name on the URL can identify Internet web sites.
Dot Decimal Address.
A 32-bit decimal integer written with dots to indicate each 8 bits place.
This representation is used for IP addresses.
DPNSS, Digital Private Network Signaling System.
An industry standard interface which is defined between a PBX and an Access Network (AN).
DPNSS extends facilities that are normally only available between
extensions on a single PBX to all extensions on PBXs that are connected in a private network.
DPNSS was originally derived from BT's Digital Access Signaling
System I (DASS I), and was enhanced where necessary to meet the private network requirements.
Some of these enhancements were incorporated in DASS 2.
DPNSS uses a 2048 kbits/s or 1544 kbits/s Digital Transmission System Interface.
drinks, Data for Reachability of Inter/tra-NetworK SIP.
IETF working group, Real-time Applications and Infrastructure area.
drums, Detailed Revision/Update of Message Standards.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2001.
DSL, Digital Subscriber Line.
A technology that exploits unused frequencies on copper telephone lines to transmit traffic typically at multi-megabit speeds.
DSL can allow voice and high-speed data to be sent simultaneously over the same line.
DSLAM, Digital Subscriber Line Access Module.
(RFC 2661) A network device used in the deployment of DSL service.
This is typically a concentrator of individual DSL lines located in a central office or local exchange.
DSU/CSU, Data Service Unit/Channel Service Unit.
(RFC 1941) The digital equivalent of a modem.
A Channel Service Unit connects to a telephone company-provided digital data circuit, and a Data Service Unit provides the
electronics required to connect digital equipment to the CSU.
Paired together a DSU/CSU allows computer equipment to be connected into the telephone digital service
for highly conditioned, high speed data communications.
DTNRG,
Delay-Tolerant Networking Research Group.
IRTF research group.
DWDM, Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing.
E.164.
The international public telecommunication numbering plan.
E1.
(RFC 1983) The basic building block for European multi-megabit data rates, with a bandwidth of 2.048 Mbps.
E2E, End-to-End.
IRTF research group.
E3.
(RFC 1983) A European standard for transmitting data at 57.344 Mbps.
eai, Email Address Internationalization.
IETF working group, Applications area.
eap, Extensible Authentication Protocol.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded June 2008.
EBCDIC, Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.
(RFC 1983) A standard character-to-number encoding used primarily by IBM computer systems.
ecm, Endpoint Congestion Management.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded June 2001.
ECML, Electronic Commerce Modeling Language.
(RFC 2706) A set of guidelines for web merchants that will enable electronic wallets
from multiple vendors to fill in their web forms.
ECMP, Equal-Cost Multi-Path.
Routing algorithm.
(RFC 2992) A routing technique for routing packets along multiple paths of equal cost.
The forwarding engine identifies paths by next-hop.
When forwarding a packet the router must decide which next-hop (path) to use.
ECN, Explicit Congestion Notification.
ECRIT, Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies.
ecrit, Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies.
IETF working group, Transport area.
edi, Electronic Data Interchange.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded July 1995.
ediint, Electronic Data Interchange-Internet Integration.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded March 2006.
EFF, Electronic Frontier Foundation.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A foundation established to address social and legal issues arising from the
impact on society of the increasingly pervasive use of computers as a means of communication and information distribution.
eii, Emergency Information Infrastructure.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
email.
emu, EAP Method Update.
IETF working group, Security area.
enroll, Credential and Provisioning.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded October 2005.
entmib, Entity MIB.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
Concluded February 2006.
enum, Telephone Number Mapping.
IETF working group, Transport area.
ENUM.
A system that transforms E.164 numbers into domain names and then uses DNS
services like delegation through NS records and NAPTR records to look up what services are available for a specific domain name.
eos, Evolution of SNMP.
IETF working group.
Concluded.
ethermib, Ethernet MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 1993.
Ethernet.
A local area network (LAN) software and hardware configuration.
It utilizes Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) for host access to the network.
Exterior gateway protocol.
A class of protocols utilized between Autonomous Systems to exchange reachability
information for a set of networks internal to a particular autonomous system to a neighboring autonomous system.
FAQ.
Frequently asked question.
fax, Internet Fax.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded February 2005.
fax.
fddi, IP Over FDDI.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1993.
FDDI, Fiber Distributed Data Interface.
(RFC 1983) A high-speed (100Mb/s) LAN standard.
The underlying medium is fiber optic and the topology is a dual-attached, counterrotating token ring.
fddimib, FDDI MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 1993.
FEC, Forward Error Correction.
(RFC 2354) This is the means by which repair data is added to a media stream, such
that packet loss can be repaired by the receiver of that stream with no further reference to the sender.
There are two classes of repair data which may be added to a stream: those
which are independent of the contents of the stream, and those which use knowledge of the stream to improve the repair process.
fecframe, FEC Framework.
IETF working group, Transport area.
The object of this group is to develop specifications for using
forward error correction (FEC) codes with applications in the Internet to provide protection against packet loss.
The group will develop a protocol framework for application of FEC codes to arbitrary packet
flows over unreliable transport protocols over both IP multicast and unicast.
The application of the FEC codec on an aggregate of multiple packet flows may be investigated and considered to be included in the solution.
FidoNet.
Organization.
(RFC 1941) A network of computers interconnected using the FIDO dial-up protocols.
The FIDO protocol provides a means of "store and forward" file transfer similar to UUCP.
find, Common Indexing Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded August 1999.
Firewall.
(RFC 2588) A security gateway that controls access between a private adminstrative domain and the public Internet.
A firewall can perform two primary functions.
[RFC 4487] Mobile IPv6 and Firewalls: Problem Statement.
forces, Forwarding and Control Element Separation.
IETF working group, Routing area.
Foreign Agent.
(RFC 2356) Serves as a registration relayer and care of address for the mobile node as
described in the Mobile IP IETF draft.
Forwarder.
Routing.
(RFC 1812) The logical entity within a router that is responsible for switching packets among the router's interfaces.
The Forwarder also makes the decisions to queue a packet for local delivery, to queue a packet for
transmission out another interface or both.
Forwarding.
Routing.
(RFC 1812) The process a router goes through for each packet received by the router.
The packet may be consumed by the router, it may be output on one or more interfaces of the router, or both.
Forwarding includes the process of deciding what to do with the packet as well as queuing it up for (possible) output or internal consumption.
Fragmentation.
When the size of a datagram exceeds the MTU of the transmission media, it needs to be divided into multiple datagrams.
Fragmented datagrams are collected and reassembled at the destination.
Frame.
(RFC 1976) The unit of transmission at the data link layer.
A frame may include a header and/or a trailer, along with some number of units of data.
Frame Relay.
Data link layer protocol.
A low level network protocol for routing the packet through frame relay networks to remote locations.
Initially, the network interface for Frame Relay was Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
Other network interfaces can now be utilized.
frnetmib, Frame Relay Service MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2002.
ftpext, Extensions to FTP.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded.
fyiup, FYI Updates.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 2001.
G.707.
SDH.
G.709.
GAIA, Generic Architecture for Information Availability.
Gateway.
(RFC 1983) The term "router" is now used in place of the original definition of "gateway".
Currently, a gateway is a communications device/program which passes data between networks having similar functions but dissimilar implementations.
This should not be confused with a protocol converter.
By this definition, a router is a layer 3 (network layer) gateway, and a mail gateway is a layer 7 (application layer) gateway.
geopriv.
geopriv, Geographic Location/Privacy.
IETF working group, Applications area.
GETS, Government Emergency Telecommunications Service.
An emergency telecommunications service available in the U.S. and is overseen by
the National Communications System (NCS) -- an office established by the White
House under an executive order and now a part of the Department of Homeland Security.
Unlike "911", it is only accessible by authorized individuals.
The majority of these individuals are from various government
agencies like the Department of Transportation, NASA, the Department of Defense,
and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (to name a few).
In addition, a select set of individuals from private industry (telecommunications companies,
utilities, etc.) that are involved in critical infrastructure recovery operations are also provided access to GETS.
The purpose of GETS is to achieve a high probability that phone service will be available to selected authorized
personnel in times of emergencies, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and other
disasters, that may produce a burden in the form of call blocking (i.e., congestion) on the U.S. Public Switched Telephone Network by the general public.
GETS is based in part on the ANSI T1.631 standard, specifying a High Probability of Completion for SS7 signaling.
gisd, Generic Internet Service Description.
IETF working group.
Concluded October 1995.
GOSIP, Government OSI Profile.
(RFC 1983) A subset of OSI standards specific to U.S. Government procurements, designed
to maximize interoperability in areas where plain OSI standards are ambiguous or allow excessive options.
GPRS, General Packet Radio Service.
A packet-switched bearer service supported in both GSM and UMTS networks.
GPRS services in GSM are supported in the so-called Gb mode, whereas GPRS services in UMTS are supported in the so-called Iu mode.
These two different modes of GPRS
operation account for the different characteristics between the GPRS bearers in GSM and the GPRS bearers in UMTS.
grip, G & R for Security Incident Processing.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2002.
grow, Global Routing Operations.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
GSEC, Group Security Research Group.
IRTF research group.
Concluded November 2004.
GSM, Global System for Mobile Communications.
gsmp, General Switch Management Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2004.
GSS-API, Generic Security Service Application Program Interface.
(RFC 2743) The Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API),
Version 2 provides security services to callers in a generic fashion, supportable with a
range of underlying mechanisms and technologies and hence allowing source-level
portability of applications to different environments.
GSTN, Global Switched Telephone Network.
H.264
Video codec.
H.323.
H.350.
harts, Humanities and Arts.
IETF working group.
Concluded August 1997.
HDLC.
Heterogeneous network.
(RFC 1983) A network running multiple network layer protocols.
Hierarchical routing.
(RFC 1983) The complex problem of routing on large networks can be simplified by reducing the size of the networks.
This is accomplished by breaking a network into a hierarchy of
networks, where each level is responsible for its own routing.
The Internet has, basically, three levels: the backbones, the mid-levels, and the stub networks.
The backbones know how to route between the mid-levels, the mid-levels know how to route
between the sites, and each site (being an autonomous system) knows how to route internally.
hip, Host Identity Protocol.
IETF working group, Internet area.
hip, Host Identity Protocol.
IRTF research group.
HIPPI, High Performance Parallel Interface.
(RFC 1983) An emerging ANSI standard which extends the computer bus over fairly short
distances at speeds of 800 and 1600 Mb/s. HIPPI is often used in a computer room to
connect a supercomputer to routers, frame buffers, mass-storage peripherals, and other computers.
hokey, Handover Keying.
IETF working group, Security area.
Homogeneous network.
(RFC 1983) A network running a single network layer protocol.
Hop.
(RFC 1983) A term used in routing. A path to a destination on a network is a series of
hops, through routers, away from the origin.
Host.
A node attached to a network that does not act as a router.
hostmib,
Host Resources MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 1993.
hostreq,
Host Requirements.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1991.
HPCC, High Performance Computing and Communications.
(RFC 1983) High performance computing encompasses advanced computing, communications, and
information technologies, including scientific workstations, supercomputer systems, high
speed networks, special purpose and experimental systems, the new generation of large
scale parallel systems, and application and systems software with all components well
integrated and linked over a high speed network.
HPR, High Performance Routing.
html,
HyperText Markup Language.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded September 1996.
http,
HyperText Transfer Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 2000.
httpbis,
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Bis.
IETF working group, Operations and Management Area.
Hub.
(RFC 1983) A device connected to several other devices.
In ARCnet, a hub is used to connect several computers together.
In a message handling service, a hub is used for the transfer of messages across the network.
hubmib, Ethernet Interfaces and Hub MIB.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
Concluded September 2007.
IAB,
Internet Architecture Board.
Organization.
(RFC 2057) A technical advisory group of the ISOC.
It is chartered to provide oversight of the architecture of the Internet and its protocols, and to serve, in the context of the
Internet standards process, as a body to which the decisions of the IESG may be appealed.
The IAB is responsible for approving appointments to the IESG from among the nominees
submitted by the IETF nominations committee and advising the IESG on the approval of Working Group charters.
iafa, Internet Anonymous FTP Archives.
IETF working group.
Concluded May 1994.
IANA,
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Organization. (RFC 1983). The central registry for various Internet protocol parameters, such
as port, protocol and enterprise numbers, and options, codes and types.
ICANN,
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.
Organization.
icar, Improved Cross-Area Review.
IETF working group, General area.
Concluded March 2005.
ICCB, Internet Configuration Control Board.
Established in 1981 by DARPA to help manage the DARPA Internet Program.
idmr, Inter-Domain Multicast Routing.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 2005.
ident, TCP Client Identity Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 1993.
idn,
Internationalized Domain Name.
IETF working group.
Concluded April 2003.
IDNA, Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications.
IDNA describes an architecture for supporting internationalized domain names.
Labels containing non-ASCII characters can be represented by ACE labels,
which begin with a special ACE prefix and contain only ASCII characters.
The remainder of the label after the prefix is a Punycode encoding of a Unicode string satisfying certain constraints.
idnabis,
Internationalized Domain Names in Applications Revised.
IETF working group, Applications area.
idpr, Inter-Domain Policy Routing.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 1995.
idr, Inter-Domain Routing.
IETF working group, Routing area.
ids, Integrated Directory Services.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 1998.
idwg, Intrusion Detection Exchange Format.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded March 2006.
The purpose of this group is to define data formats and exchange procedures for
sharing information of interest to intrusion detection and response systems, and
to management systems which may need to interact with them.
IDWG will coordinate its efforts with other IETF Working Groups.
IEEE,
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Organization.
A professional organization that develops standards for computers and electronics.
IEEE 1394.
IEN, Internet Experiment Note.
(RFC 1983) A series of reports pertinent to the Internet.
IENs were published in parallel to RFCs and were intended to be "working documents."
They have been replaced by Internet-Drafts and are currently of historic value only.
IEPG, Internet Engineering Planning Group.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A group, primarily composed of Internet service operators, whose goal is to
promote a globally coordinated Internet operating environment.
Membership is open to all.
ieprep, Internet Emergency Preparedness.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded September 2007.
IESG,
Internet Engineering Steering Group.
Organization.
(RFC 2057) The IESG is responsible for technical management of IETF activities and the Internet standards process.
As a part of the ISOC, it administers the process according to the rules and procedures which have been ratified by the ISOC Trustees.
The IESG is directly responsible for the actions associated with entry into and movement along
the Internet "standards track," including final approval of specifications as Internet Standards.
It is composed of the IETF Area Directors and the IETF Chair.
IETF, Internet Engineering Task Force.
Organization.
(RFC 2057) A self-organized group of people who make technical and other contributions
to the engineering and evolution of the Internet and its technologies.
It is the principal body engaged in the development of new Internet standard specifications.
The IETF is divided into eight functional areas.
They are: Applications, Internet, IP: Next Generation, Network Management, Operational
Requirements, Routing, Security, Transport and User Services.
Each area has one or two area directors.
These area directors, along with the IETF/IESG Chair, form the IESG.
The activities of the IETF are organized into
working groups.
IETF Journal.
An Internet Society publication produced in cooperation with the IETF.
Our aim is to provide an easily understandable overview of what's happening in the
world of Internet standards with a particular focus on the activities of the IETF Working Groups.
Each issue will highlight some of the hot issues being discussed in IETF meetings and in the IETF mailing lists.
ifmib, Interfaces MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 2003.
IGES, Initial Graphics Exchange Specification.
(RFC 2077) Defines a neutral data format that allows for the digital exchange of information among computer-aided design (CAD) systems.
IGP, Interior Gateway Protocol.
(RFC 1812) A protocol that distributes routing information with an Autonomous System (AS).
iiir, Integration of Internet Information Resources.
IETF working group.
Concluded April 1995.
IM, Instant Messaging.
imap, Internet Message Access Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded.
imapext, Internet Message Access Protocol Extension.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded June 2008.
imm, Interactive Multimedia.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
IMP, Interface Message Processor.
impp, Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded September 2004.
IMR, Internet Monthly Report.
(RFC 1983) Published monthly, the purpose of the Internet Monthly Reports is to
communicate to the Internet Research Group the accomplishments, milestones reached, or
problems discovered by the participating organizations.
IMRG, Internet Measurement Research Group.
IRTF research group.
imss, Internet and Management Support for Storage.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
inch, Extended Incident Handling.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded October 2006.
Interior gateway protocol.
A type of protocol used to distribute routing information between the various routers in an Autonomous System.
Internet.
A world wide collection of connected networks.
It consists of high speed data communication lines between large, distributed "backbone" networks.
The Internet primarily uses the TCP/IP networking suite of protocols to transfer information.
Intranet.
A privately administered domain.
intserv, Integrated Services.
IETF working group.
Concluded December 2000.
ion, Internetworking Over NBMA.
IETF working group.
Concluded June 2000.
IOTP, Internet Open Trading Protocol.
[RFC 2801] Internet Open Trading Protocol - IOTP Version 1.0.
[RFC 2802] Digital Signatures for the v1.0 Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP).
[RFC 2935] Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) HTTP Supplement.
[RFC 3354] Internet Open Trading Protocol Version 2 Requirements.
[RFC 3504] Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP) Version 1, Errata.
[RFC 3538] Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) Supplement for the v1.0 Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP).
[RFC 3867] Payment Application Programmers Interface (API) for v1.0 Internet Open Trading Protocol (IOTP).
IP Prioritization.
(RFC 2353) Typically, IP routers process packets as they are received.
However, some IP routers prioritize packets based on IP precedence (the 3-bit field within the Type of
Service byte of the IP header) or UDP port numbers.
ip1394, IP Over IEEE 1394.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded June 2000.
ipae, IP Address Encapsulation.
IETF working group.
Concluded May 1993.
ipatm, IP Over Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
IETF working group.
Concluded May 1996.
ipauth, IP Authentication.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded January 1991.
ipcdn, IP over Cable Data Network.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
ipdvb, IP over DVB.
IETF working group, Internet area.
ipfc, IP over Fibre Channel.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2002.
ipfix, IP Flow Information Export.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
ipidrp, OSI IDRP for IP Over IP.
IETF working group, Routing area.
Concluded August 1994.
iplpdn, IP Over Large Public Data Networks.
IETF working group.
Concluded August 1993.
IPng, IP next generation.
ipngwg, IPNG.
IETF working group.
Renamed ipv6, IP Version 6 Working Group.
ipo, IP over Optical.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 2004.
ipoib, IP over InfiniBand.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded July 2006.
iporpr, IP over Resilient Packet Rings.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Resilient Packet Rings (RPR), developed within the IEEE 802.17 RPR WG,
provides substantial enhancements in both efficiency and flexibility over current bi-directional ring topologies.
Benefits of resilient packet rings include spatial re-use (full utilization of both counter-rotating
rings) while maintaining protection switching during media faults, as well as defined
mechanisms for topology discovery, congestion control, and protection switching.
ipp, Internet Printing Protocol.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded August 2004.
The goal of this working group was to develop requirements for Internet Printing
and to describe a model and semantics for Internet Printing.
ippcp, IP Payload Compression Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 1999.
ippm, IP Performance Metrics.
IETF working group, Transport area.
IPPM, IP Performance Metrics.
ipr, Intellectual Property Rights.
IETF working group, General area.
ips, IP Storage.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded November 2007.
There is significant interest in using IP-based networks to transport block storage traffic.
This group will pursue the pragmatic approach of encapsulating
existing protocols, such as SCSI and Fibre Channel, in an IP-based transport or transports.
The group will focus on the transport or transports and related
issues (e.g., security, naming, discovery, and configuration), as opposed to modifying existing protocols.
Standards for the protocols to be encapsulated are controlled by other standards organizations.
The WG cannot assume that any changes it desires will be made in these standards, and hence will pursue
approaches that do not depend on such changes unless they are unavoidable.
In that case the WG will create a document to be forwarded to the standards group
responsible for the technology explaining the issue and requesting the desired changes be considered.
The WG will endeavor to ensure high quality communications with these standards organizations.
The WG will consider whether a layered architecture providing common transport, security, and/or other
functionality for its encapsulations is the best technical approach.
ipsec, IP Security Protocol.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded April 2005.
ipsecme, IP Security Maintenance and Extensions.
IETF working group, Security area.
IPsec.
Protocol suite.
IPsec is designed to provide interoperable, high quality, cryptographically-based security for IPv4 and IPv6.
The set of security services offered includes access control, connectionless integrity, data origin
authentication, protection against replays (a form of partial sequence
integrity), confidentiality (encryption), and limited traffic flow confidentiality.
These services are provided at the IP layer, offering protection for IP and/or upper layer protocols.
ipseckey, IPSEC KEYing information resource record.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded March 2005.
ipsp, IP Security Policy.
IETF working group.
Concluded March 2005.
ipsra, IP Security Remote Access.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded.
IPTC,
International Press Telecommunications Council.
Established in 1965 to safeguard the telecommunications interests of the World's Press.
Since the late 1970's its activities have primarily focussed on
developing and publishing Industry Standards for the interchange of news data.
At present, the IPTC membership is drawn mainly from the major news agencies
around the globe but also it has a strong representation from Newspaper publishers as well as some vendors.
iptel, IP Telephony.
IETF working group, Transport area.
ipv6, IP Version 6 Working Group.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded September 2007.
Formerly known as ipngwg.
ipv6mib, IPv6 MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded October 1997.
ipvbi, IP over VBI.
IETF working group.
Concluded December 1999.
ire, Internet Registry Evolution.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
IRI, Internationalized Resource Identifier.
IRR, Internet Routing Registry.
(RFC 2650) A repository of routing policies.
Currently, the IRR repository is a set of five repositories maintained at the following sites: the CA*Net registry in Canada, the
ANS, CW and RADB registries in the United States of America, and the RIPE registry in Europe.
The five repositories are run independently.
However, each site exchanges its data with the others regularly (at least once a day and as often as every ten minutes).
CW, CA*Net and ANS are private registries which contain the routing policies of the networks
and the customer networks of CW, CA*Net, and ANS respectively. RADB and RIPE are both
public registries, and any ISP can publish their policies in these registries. The
registries all maintain up-to-date copies of one another's data. At any of the sites, the
five registries can be inspected as a set. One should refrain from registering his/her
data in more than one of the registries, as this practice leads almost invariably to inconsistencies in the data.
The user trying to interpret the data is left in a confusing (at best) situation.
CW, ANS and CA*Net customers are generally required to register their policies in their provider's registry.
Others may register policies either at the RIPE or RADB registry, as preferred.
IRSG, Internet Research Steering Group.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) The "governing body" of the IRTF.
IRTF, Internet Research Task Force.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) The IRTF is chartered by the IAB to consider long-term Internet issues from a theoretical point of view.
It has Research Groups, similar to IETF Working Groups, which are each tasked to discuss different research topics.
Multi-cast audio/video conferencing and privacy enhanced mail are samples of IRTF output.
IS, Intermediate System.
(RFC 1983) An OSI system which performs network layer forwarding.
It is analogous to an IP router.
ISAN, International Standard Audiovisual Number.
A standard numbering system for the unique and international identification of audiovisual works.
ISBN, International Standard Book Number.
(RFC 3187) A unique machine readable identification number, which marks any edition of a book unambiguously.
This number is defined in ISO Standard 2108.
The number has been in use now for 30 years and has revolutionised the international book-trade.
154 countries are officially ISBN members, and more countries are joining the system.
ISDN, Integrated Services Digital Network.
(RFC 1983) An emerging technology which is beginning to be offered by the telephone carriers of the world.
ISDN combines voice and digital network services in a single
medium, making it possible to offer customers digital data services as well as voice connections through a single "wire."
The standards that define ISDN are specified by ITU.
isdnmib, ISDN MIB.
IETF working group.
Concluded February 1998.
isis, IS-IS for IP Internets.
IETF working group, Routing area.
isms, Integrated Security Model for SNMP.
IETF working group, Security area.
isn, Internet School Networking.
IETF working group.
Concluded September 1998.
ISO, International Organization for Standardization.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A voluntary, nontreaty organization founded in 1946 which is responsible
for creating international standards in many areas, including computers and communications.
Its members are the national standards organizations of the 89 member countries, including ANSI for the USA.
ISO 10646.
Character set.
(RFC 2279) The definition of a multiple-byte character set called the Universal
Character Set (UCS) which encompasses most of the world's writing systems.
ISOC,
Internet Society.
Organization.
(RFC 1983) A non-profit, professional membership organization
which facilitates and supports the technical evolution of the Internet, stimulates
interest in and educates the scientific and academic communities, industry and the public
about the technology, uses and applications of the Internet, and promotes the development of new applications for the system.
The Society provides a forum for discussion and
collaboration in the operation and use of the global Internet infrastructure.
The Internet Society publishes a quarterly newsletter, the Internet Society News, and holds an annual
conference, INET. The development of Internet technical standards takes place under the
auspices of the Internet Society with substantial support from the Corporation for
National Research Initiatives under a cooperative agreement with the US Federal Government.
ISODE, ISO Development Environment.
(RFC 1983) Software that allows OSI services to use a TCP/IP network.
ISP, Internet Service Provider.
A company that provides customer access to the Internet.
ispp, Internet Secure Payments Protocol.
IETF working group.
Concluded January 1997.
issll, Integrated Services over Specific Link Layers.
IETF working group.
Concluded.
itrace, ICMP Traceback.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded September 2003.
ITU, International Telecommunications Union.
Organization.
An agency of the United Nations which coordinates the various national telecommunications
standards so that people in one country can communicate with people in another country.
Previously known as CCITT.
iup, Internet User Population.
IETF working group.
Concluded November 1990.
IVM, Internet Voice Messaging.
Java.
Programming language.
JPEG, Joint Photographic Experts Group.
JUGHEAD, Jonzy's Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display.
(RFC 2151) Another Gopher-adjunct, JUGHEAD, supports key word searches and the use of logical operators (AND, OR, and NOT).
The result of a JUGHEAD search is a display of all
menu items which match the search string which are located in the University of Manchester
and UMIST Information Server, working from a static database that is re-created every day.
JUGHEAD is available from many Gopher sites, although VERONICA may be a better tool for global searches.
KEA, Key Exchange Algorithm.
Algorithm.
keyprov, Provisioning of Symmetric Keys.
IETF working group, Security area.
kink, Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys.
IETF working group, Security area.
Concluded April 2006.
kitten, Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation).
IETF working group, Security area.
Knowbot Information Service.
Directory service, TELNET port 185.
(RFC 2151) KNOWBOT is an automated username database search tool that is related to WHOIS.
The Knowbot Information Service (KIS), operated by the Corporation for National
Research Initiatives (CNRI) in Reston, Virginia, provides a simple WHOIS-like interface
that allows users to query several Internet user databases (White Pages services) all at
one time. A single KIS query will automatically search the InterNIC, MILNET, MCImail, and
PSI White Pages Pilot Project; other databases may also be included.
KNOWBOT may be accessed by TELNETing to host info.cnri.reston.va.us with port 185.
The help command will supply sufficient information to get started.
krb-wg, Kerberos WG.
IETF working group, Security area.
l1vpn, Layer 1 Virtual Private Networks.
IETF working group, Routing area.
l2tpext, Layer Two Tunneling Protocol Extensions.
IETF working group, Internet area.
l2vpn, Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks.
IETF working group, Internet area.
l3vpn, Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks.
IETF working group, Internet area.
LAN, Local Area Network.
(RFC 1983) A data network intended to serve an area of only a few square kilometers or less.
Because the network is known to cover only a small area, optimizations can be made
in the network signal protocols that permit data rates up to 100Mb/s.
lanman, LAN Manager.
IETF working group, Network Management area.
Concluded March 1991.
LCT, Layered Coding Transport.
ldapbis, LDAP (v3) Revision.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded June 2006.
ldapext, LDAP Extension.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2003.
ldup, LDAP Duplication/Replication/Update Protocols.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded April 2004.
lemonade, Enhancements to Internet email to support diverse service environments.
IETF working group, Applications area.
This work group is tasked to provide a set of enhancements and profiles of Internet email submission, transport, and retrieval
protocols to facilitate operation on platforms with constrained resources, or
communications links with high latency or limited bandwidth.
A primary goal of this work is to ensure that those profiles and enhancements
continue to interoperate with the existing Internet email protocols in
use on the Internet, so that these environments and more traditional Internet users have access to a seamless service.
Link.
A communications path between two or more devices.
The physical path consists of a medium such as wires, cables or radio waves over which data can pass.
Link MTU.
The maximum transmission unit that can be sent over a link.
list, Automated Internet Mailing List Services.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded October 1992.
LLC, Logical Link Control.
(RFC 1983) The upper portion of the datalink layer, as defined in IEEE 802.2.
The LLC sublayer presents a uniform interface to the user of the datalink service, usually the network layer.
Beneath the LLC sublayer is the MAC sublayer.
lsd, LDAP Service Deployment.
IETF working group.
Concluded November 1998.
lsma, Large Scale Multicast Applications.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded February 2000.
ltans, Long-Term Archive and Notary Services.
IETF working group, Security area.
ltru, Language Tag Registry Update.
IETF working group, Applications area.
LTN, Long Thin Network.
MAC, Media Access Control.
The lower portion of the datalink layer.
The MAC differs for various physical media.
Examples include IEEE 802 addresses for Ethernet links and E.164 addresses for ISDN links.
madman, Mail and Directory Management.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded.
magma, Multicast & Anycast Group Membership.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Mail-11.
(RFC 2162) Also known as DECnet mail and often improperly referred as VMSmail, is the
proprietary protocol implemented by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) to establish a
real-time text messaging system among systems implementing the DECnet Phase IV and DECnet/OSI (CLNS) networking protocols.
mailext, Mail Extensions.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded June 1996.
malloc, Multicast-Address Allocation.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded July 2003.
MAN, Metropolitan Area Network.
(RFC 1983) A data network intended to serve an area approximating that of a large city.
Such networks are being implemented by innovative techniques, such as running fiber cables through subway tunnels.
A popular example of a MAN is SMDS.
manet, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks.
IETF working group, Routing area.
marid, MTA Authorization Records in DNS.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded September 2004.
MARS, Multicast Address Resolution Server.
(RFC 2022) An extended analog of the ATM ARP Server introduced in RFC 1577.
It acts as a registry, associating layer 3 multicast group identifiers with the ATM
interfaces representing the group's members.
MARS messages support the distribution of multicast group membership information between MARS and endpoints (hosts or routers).
Endpoint address resolution entities query the MARS when a layer 3 address needs to be
resolved to the set of ATM endpoints making up the group at any one time.
Endpoints keep the MARS informed when they need to join or leave particular layer 3 groups.
To provide for asynchronous notification of group membership changes the MARS manages a point to
multipoint VC out to all endpoints desiring multicast support.
Martian.
(RFC 1983) A humorous term applied to packets that turn up unexpectedly on the wrong network because of bogus routing entries.
Also used as a name for a packet which has an altogether bogus (non-registered or ill-formed) internet address.
MATNET, Mobile Access Terminal Network.
MBONE, Multicast Backbone.
(RFC 1983) The Multicast Backbone is based on IP multicasting using class-D addresses.
The mbone concept was adopted at the March 1992 IETF in San Diego, during which
it was used to audiocast to 40 people throughout the world.
At the following meeting, in Cambridge, the name mbone was adopted.
Since then the audiocast has become full two-way
audio/video conferencing using two video channels, four audio channels, and involving hundreds of remote users.
mboned, MBONE Deployment.
IETF working group, Operations and Management area.
mediactrl,
Media Server Control.
IETF working group, Real-time Applications and Infrastructure area.
This work group will examine protocol extensions between media servers and their clients.
However, modifying existing standard protocols, such as VoiceXML or SIP towards clients or MRCPv2 towards servers, is
not in the work group's charter.
The model of interest to this group is where the endpoint solely plays audio or video, transmits audio or
video towards the server, and possibly transmits key press information towards the server.
Alternate architectures, where the endpoint executes user interface commands, is outside the scope of the work group.
megaco, Media Gateway Control.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded March 2006.
mext, Mobility EXTensions for IPv6.
IETF working group, Internet Area.
mhsds, MHS-DS.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded March 1995.
mhtml, MIME Encapsulation of Aggregate HTML Documents.
IETF working group.
Concluded June 1999.
midcom, Middlebox Communication.
IETF working group, Transport area.
Concluded April 2008.
MIDCOM, Middlebox Communications.
MIDI, Musical Instrument Digital Interface.
MILNET, Military Network.
The Department of Defense military network.
mimemhs, MIME-MHS Interworking.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded September 1993.
mimesgml, MIME Content-Type for SGML Documents.
IETF working group, Applications area.
Concluded May 1996.
mip4, Mobility for IPv4.
IETF working group, Internet area.
mip6, Mobility for IPv6.
IETF working group, Internet area.
Concluded November 2007.
mipshop, MIPv6 Signaling and Handoff Optimization.
IETF working group, Internet area.